2026-06-18 16:05:15

Titanium anodes for electroplating of PCB printed circuit boards

Titanium anodes are dimensionally stable electrodes used in printed circuit board (PCB) electroplating processes to provide a stable anode current. The substrate material is pure titanium (TA1/TA2, conforming to GB/T 3621 or ASTM B265), and the surface thermally decomposes into a mixed metal oxide (MMO) active layer, primarily composed of a composite of ruthenium oxide (RuO2), iridium oxide (IrO2), and titanium oxide (Ta2O₅).

2026-06-18 14:38:02

Titanium Anodes for Water Treatment — MMO-Coated Electrode Solutions

2026-06-18 12:29:04

Titanium Anodes for Electroplating

A titanium anode substrate consists of Grade 1 titanium (typically in mesh, plate, tubular, or rod form) and a surface catalytic metal oxide coating. This oxide coating acts as the electrochemically active layer, through which current is transferred to the electrolyte. Without the coating, a high-resistivity passivating oxide film would form on the bare titanium surface, hindering stable current flow at standard plating voltages.